Yes, but there are caveats. Assuming it's a night when there are two F! showings and one fireworks, then you can either opt to watch F! first and then fireworks or view fireworks and then watch F!.
Guests who watch the first F! are encouraged to watch fireworks from the F! viewing area. They use the mist screens for the projections and pipe in the music. You'll miss out on the castle-based effects (e.g., Tinkerbell, the pinwheel fireworks, etc.) and you'll want to watch from the NOS side of the river (otherwise, the mist screen projections are one direction and the fireworks are in another direction). From the F! viewing area, the fireworks appear roughly around BTMRR. DLR times it so that it's tough to make it from F! to MS for fireworks, and if you do, you might have a tough time finding a good spot on Main Street.
If you opt to watch fireworks first, then you'll have plenty of time to make it to the second showing of F!, but you'll be behind the guests that either skipped fireworks or headed to the F! viewing area early. It's still possible to get a good spot, but it's means walking fast after fireworks ends and hoping that traffic control doesn't route you away from the RoA. It's highly unlikely that you'd get a prime/front row viewing spot for F!.
So, basically, you can watch F! and fireworks on the same night, but there are trade-offs. You'll need to prioritize the one you want to see more and then hope for the best with the other one.