Are you really saying that a 1400 achieved the 5th time a kid takes the SAT, after a year of private test-prep, is a greater accomplishment than a 1350 from a student who took it once because that's all his parents could/would pay for? That kids who can't earn weighted grades because of the schools they attend are inherently lower performing than those who have AP and honors options available? That going away to high-end academic camps like the Johns Hopkins or Duke youth programs aren't as much about the parents' ability to afford those programs as about the child's academic talent?
You didn't ask me directly, but I'll give you my opinion. No, a score of 1400 earned by a student on the fifth try after a year of test prep does not necessarily mean they will do better in college than someone taking it for the first time and achieving a 1350. No, the kids who have a lower GPA due to the lack of weighted classes will not necessarily do worse than the kids with a higher GPA from taking weighted courses. But the Adversity Score isn't necessarily going to help these groups of students.
I mentioned in a previous post that kids can attend school in a wealthy area that will give them a low Adversity Score, but that doesn't mean they personally had the money and resources to take the SAT 5 times like their peers may have or paid for a year of tutoring to boost their score. Let's consider we have a poorer, less advantaged student at this school who took the SAT once with a score of 1350, but they also end up with a low Adversity Score due to the average statistics for their school/area.
Now let's consider the other side. There also are kids with wealthy parents who attend lower income schools that would rate a high Adversity Score, and they might have afforded to have multiple SAT attempts and tutors, even though their classmates could not. The wealthy student at this school had the tutors and multiple tries at the SAT and scored a 1400, and is given a high Adversity Score due to the averages for his area.
Is the student with the 1400 score better than the student with the 1350 score? With this Adversity Score, it would likely make the 1400 student FAR more attractive than the student scoring 1350, because not only is the score higher, but they will be seen as having faced far more adversity. See how it doesn't really work the way you'd expect?
In regards to weighted classes, the way it worked when I applied to colleges 13 years ago (and assume it's still the same), is it said on your transcript whether any classes were weighted and what the weighted scale was. It made it very simple for colleges to see if weighted classes were a factor in your GPA. The information was right there. I'd also like to point out that not all advanced courses are weighted, even in schools that have weighted classes, which is why it's important for Admissions personnel to look at the actual courses taken and not just GPA or how many AP classes are offered in a school, as per the Adversity Score Report. That report will accompany the Adversity Score and will supposedly show the neighborhood/school data that factored into the Adversity Score, including the number of AP classes Seniors take at that school on average, presumably to compare a particular student with their classmates. What it doesn't take into consideration is there are weighted courses that are not AP as well as advanced courses that are not weighted at some schools.
Example: I spent my Senior year of HS taking classes full-time at the Community College because my school had run out of advanced classes for me. My classmates attending HS spent the year taking AP and other weighted courses, while mine taken at the college for dual enrollment were not weighted. Needless to say, I ended up with a lower GPA than my classmates, despite taking more advanced courses and doing well in them. The Adversity Score Report would simply note that my peers took numerous AP classes while I did not.
With the increasing number of applications Colleges are receiving and this new Adversity Score/Report being initiated, it is worrisome that colleges will look more at that Score and Report rather than taking a close look at each individual. Reading in the Report that Student A didn't take AP classes their Senior year when their peers did and had a lower GPA allows for a quicker glance through an application, but it ignores the closer look at the individual classes taken which is a more accurate representation of that student's academic achievement.